Emergence and Mystery

Title:

The Emergence of Culture in the Context of Hominin Evolutionary Patterns.

Author(s):

Foley, Robert A., Leverhulme Center for Human Evolutionary Studies, Univeristy of Cambridge, Cambridge, England

Source:

Evolution and culture: A Fyssen Foundation symposium. Levinson, Stephen C. (Ed); Pierre, Jaisson (Ed); pp. 53-77.
Cambridge, MA, US: MIT Press, 2006. xvii, 296 pp.

ISBN:

0-262-62197-5 (paperback)
9780262621977 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

culture; hominin evolutionary factors; evolution; hominin taxa; cultural revolution

Abstract:

(from the chapter) The evolution of culture remains the most challenging problem in the human sciences. If one accepts that human capacities must have an evolutionary basis, then how can one explain the transformation from a species that lacked cultural capabilities to one that possessed them without assuming the presence of those characteristics in the first place? This difficulty has pushed research in two different directions. On the one hand there are those who would say that there can be no continuity between the "acultural" and the "cultural," except inso far as there is a saltational leap from the one to other, a leap shrouded in mystery. Continuity does not exist in this model. On the other hand, the origins of culture in the human lineage can be explained by its presence in other lineages; in other words, we have it because chimpanzees have it. This is the approach adopted most strongly by McGrew (1992), but also inherent in the view that chimpanzees exhibit cultural variation. However, while assigning culture to chimpanzees may make the problem of continuity less pressing in terms of human evolution, it merely takes it farther back phylogenetically. The problem these approaches face is that of synchronism. Effectively the comparison between a cultural and noncultural being, whether it be humans and chimpanzees or chimpanzees and gorillas, is between two living species, and ones that cannot be ancestral to each other. The continuity or discontinuity of culture as an evolutionary outcome is in the end dependent upon the interpretation placed on chimpanzee behavior and the acquisition of new data on their abilities. The way out of this "chimpanzee tyranny" is to add a directly temporal and historical element; in other words, to look at the actual evolution of more and more humanlike capacities during the course of evolution, especially since the split with the chimpanzees. However, any such paleobiological approach is strongly constrained by the very limited nature of the fossil and archaeological evidence. The only sources of information are crude estimates of brain size, inferences from brain structure, correlations with anatomical structures such as the larynx, and information derived from technology or site structure. Despite the inherent limitations of these data, it is this perspective that I pursue here. In particular I address four questions concerning the origins of culture which are susceptible to this approach: (1) Was there a cultural revolution? (2) What is the pattern of cultural preconditions? (3) What was the cultural status of the different hominin taxa? (4) What was happening as cultural properties evolved? First, however, it is necessary to consider briefly the question of what culture may mean in this sort of approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Culture (Anthropological); *Evolutionary Psychology; *Theory of Evolution; Culture Change; Taxonomies

Classification:

Genetics (2510)
Culture & Ethnology (2930)

Population:

Human (10)
Animal (20)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Grant Information:

The Fyssen Foundation supports the interdisciplinary study of the cognitive foundations of social life

Conference:

Evolution and Culture, Nov, 1999, Pavilion Henri IV, St. Germain en Laye, France

Conference Notes:

This volume is loosely based on the proceedings of the aforementioned Fyssen symposium.

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book; Print

Document Type:

Original Chapter

Release Date:

20061002

Accession Number:

2006-08268-003

Number of Citations in Source:

70

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Consciousness: What Mad Pursuit.

Author(s):

Faux, Robert B.

Source:

PsycCRITIQUES, Vol 50 (44), 2005. pp. No Pagination Specified.

Publisher:

US: American Psychological Assn

Reviewed Item:

Susan Blackmore (2005). Consciousness: A Very Short Introduction; New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. 146 pp. ISBN 0-19-280585-1. $9.95, paperback

ISSN:

1554-0138 (Electronic)

Digital Object Identifier:

10.1037/05208312

Language:

English

Keywords:

consciousness; introductory understanding

Abstract:

Reviews Consciousness: A Very Short Introduction, by Susan Blackmore (see record 2005-07390-000). Blackmore summarizes in 146 pages with panache and great insight the seemingly inscrutable thing we call consciousness. She outlines the study of consciousness, beginning with the thought of René Descartes and the resulting emergence of the mind-body problem, a problem, Blackmore correctly reminds us, that lies at the heart of the study of consciousness. From this beginning she discusses early thinking concerning consciousness, such as William James's notion of the stream of consciousness, then moves on to discuss current theoretical work. But this is more than just a summary of past and current work, for Blackmore offers her opinions and suggestions about what is going right and what is going wrong in these ventures. Blackmore argues that although the mystery of consciousness remains, through the efforts of psychologists, biologists, and neuroscientists to better understand the brain, we are in a position to address just what consciousness is. Understanding the relationship between the physical world and the mental is the fundamental task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Consciousness States

Classification:

Consciousness States (2380)

Population:

Human (10)

Publication Type:

Electronic Collection; Electronic
Format(s) Available: Electronic

Document Type:

Review

Release Date:

20051031

Accession Number:

2005-11836-001

Number of Citations in Source:

10

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Neuropsychology of art: Neurological, cognitive, and evolutionary perspectives.

Series Title:

Brain damage, behaviour and cognition: Developments in clinical neuropsychology

Author(s):

Zaidel, Dahlia W., Department of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, US

Source:

New York, NY, US: Psychology Press, 2005. xviii, 261 pp.

ISBN:

1-84169-363-4 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

art; neuropsychology; neuroscience; cognitive perspectives; evolutionary perspectives; human brain

Abstract:

(from the cover) The significance of art in human existence has long been a source of puzzlement, fascination, and mystery. In Neuropsychology of Art, Dahlia W. Zaidel explores the brain regions and neuronal systems that support artistic creativity, talent, and appreciation. Both the visual and musical arts are discussed against a neurological background. Evidence from the latest brain research is critically examined in an attempt to clarify the brain-art relationship, language processing and visuo-spatial perception. The consequences of perceptual problems in famous artists, along with data from autistic savants and established artists with brain damage are brought into consideration and the effects of damage to specific regions of the brain explored. A major compilation of rare cases of artists with brain damage is provided and the cognitive abilities required for the neuropsychology of art reviewed. This book draws on interdisciplinary principles from the biology of art, brain evolution, anthropology, and the cinema through to the question of beauty, language, perception, and hemispheric specialization. It will be of interest to advanced students in neuropsychology, neuroscience and neurology, to clinicians and all researchers and scholars interested in the workings of the human brain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Art; *Brain; *Neuropsychology; *Neurosciences; Cognitive Psychology; Evolutionary Psychology

Classification:

Literature & Fine Arts (2610)
Neuropsychology & Neurology (2520)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book; Print

Release Date:

20060117

Accession Number:

2005-14598-000

Number of Citations in Source:

556

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Multicultural Issues in Augmentative and Alternative Communication and Language: Research to Practice.

Author(s):

Bridges, Sheila J., Department of Communication Disorders, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, US, bridges@wpo.nccu.edu

Address:

Bridges, Sheila J., North Carolina Central University, Department of Communication Disorders, 712 Cecil Street, School of Education Building, Durham, NC, US, 27707, bridges@wpo.nccu.edu

Source:

Topics in Language Disorders, Vol 24(1), Jan-Mar 2004. pp. 62-75.

Publisher:

US: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:

0271-8294 (Print)
1550-3259 (Electronic)

Language:

English

Keywords:

augmentative communication; alternative communication; quality of services; multiculturalism

Abstract:

Multicultural research in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an emerging area of intrigue and mystery. Most important, it is necessary in order to advance the field of AAC and to ensure the delivery of quality services to culturally and linguistically diversity AAC consumers and their families. This article addresses both the need for and the challenges in pursuing multicultural research in AAC. From an historical perspective this article discusses the emergence of multicultural research in AAC and concludes with guidelines for engaging in culturally relevant and culturally valid investigation critical to the identification of best practices. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)(from the journal abstract)

Subjects:

*Augmentative Communication; *Language; *Quality of Services; Multiculturalism

Classification:

Speech & Language Therapy (3385)

Population:

Human (10)

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal; Print
Format(s) Available: Print

Document Type:

Original Journal Article

Release Date:

20050425

Accession Number:

2005-03408-007

Number of Citations in Source:

56

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Database:

PsycINFO

Full Text Database:

Communication & Mass Media Complete

Translated Title:

A mystery of creative understanding (Towards the centenary of D.B. Elkonin).

Author(s):

Zinchenko, V. P.

Source:

Voprosy Psychologii, No 1, 2004. pp. 22-34.

Publisher:

Russia: Voprosy Psikhologii

ISSN:

0042-8841 (Print)

Language:

Russian

Keywords:

D.B. Elkonin; cultural historical psychology; L.S. Vygotsky

Abstract:

The author analyzes a seeming paradox: D.B. Elkonin presented his new understanding of L.S. Vygotsky's cultural historical psychology as a mere attempt to understand his teacher's initial conception. The paper also discusses D.B. Elkonin's contribution to the development of cultural historical psychology and emergence of psychology as an objective science studying man's subjective world. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)(from the journal abstract)

Subjects:

*Culture (Anthropological); *History of Psychology; *Vygotsky (Lev)

Classification:

History & Systems (2140)

Population:

Human (10)

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal; Print
Format(s) Available: Print

Document Type:

Original Journal Article

Release Date:

20050627

Accession Number:

2004-14887-003

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Collective behavior and public opinion: Rapid shifts in opinion and communication.

Series Title:

The European institute for the media series

Author(s):

van Ginneken, Jaap, Amsterdam U, Dept of Communication Science, Netherlands

Source:

Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 2003. xv, 301 pp.

ISBN:

0-8058-4386-8 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

collective behavior; public opinion; mass media communications; chaos & complexity theory; mass psychology

Abstract:

(from the cover) Every day the media are filled with scares and scandals, hypes of new ventures, stories of the collapse of companies, campaigns, and protests. Out of exposure to this news, public opinion and collective behavior are shaped. There are often rapid shifts in opinion, and the underlying dynamics of these shifts have remained shrouded in mystery. This book demonstrates the relevance of chaos and complexity theory to media communications, using sample cases from international events to support the theory--such as the Benetton controversies, the Disney rumor, the Band Aid hype, the Moruroa protests, the anti-fur campaign, Greenpeace actions, Mad Cow madness, and many others. Clear examples inform the discussion and enrich the disciplines of mass psychology and collective behavior sociology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Chaos Theory; *Collective Behavior; *Mass Media; *Public Opinion; Social Demonstrations

Classification:

Mass Media Communications (2750)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book; Print

Release Date:

20030324

Accession Number:

2003-02200-000

Number of Citations in Source:

393

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Building virtual communities: Learning and change in cyberspace.

Author(s):

Renninger, K. Ann, (Ed), Swarthmore Coll, Program in Education, Swarthmore, PA, US, krennin1@swarthmore.edu
Shumar, Wesley, (Ed), Drexel U, Dept of Culture & Communication, Philadelphia, PA, US, wes@drexel.edu

Address:

Renninger, K. Ann, Swarthmore Coll, Program in Education, 500 College Ave, Swarthmore, PA, US, 19081-1397, krennin1@swarthmore.edu

Source:

New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press, 2002. xxxi, 380 pp.

ISBN:

0-521-78075-6 (hardcover)
0-521-78558-8 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

virtual communities; learning; cognitive change; cyberspace; online communities

Abstract:

(from the book) Building Virtual Communities examines how learning and cognitive change are fostered by online communities. Contributors to this volume explore this question by drawing on their different theoretical backgrounds, methodologies, and personal experience with virtual communities. Each chapter explores the different meanings of the terms "community," "learning," and "change." Case studies are included for further clarification. Together, these chapters describe the building out of virtual communities in terms that are relevant to theorists, researchers, and practitioners. The chapters provide a basis for thinking about the dynamics of Internet community building. Consideration is given to the role of the self or individual as a participant in a virtual community and to the design and refinement of technology as the conduit for extending and enhancing the possibilities of community building in cyberspace. Building Virtual Communities will interest educators, psychologists, sociologists, and researchers in human-computer interaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Cognitive Processes; *Communities; *Internet; *Learning; *Virtual Reality

Classification:

Communication Systems (2700)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book; Print

Release Date:

20041129

Accession Number:

2003-02707-000

Number of Citations in Source:

64

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The taboo of suffering: Returning the sacred to psychological affliction.

Author(s):

Logan, Isabeall T., Pacifica Graduate Inst., US

Source:

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, Vol 62(3-B), Sep 2001. pp. 1586.

Publisher:

US: ProQuest Information & Learning

ISSN:

0419-4217 (Print)

Order Number:

AAI3008485

Language:

English

Keywords:

suffering; taboo; psychological affliction

Abstract:

This dissertation explores the roots and ramifications of a cultural phenomenon described as the taboo of suffering. In modern Western culture, the dominant approach to suffering is based on a scientific-medical model that assumes suffering is something to be indiscriminately eliminated at any cost. Acknowledging the obvious benefits of this approach to individuals and to the culture, this study asks whether-paradoxically-something may be lost in the process. Originally, the word taboo referred to something forbidden because sacred. In the modern West, what is taboo is something that causes us discomfort. In our drive to eliminate suffering, we have created a suffering prohibition, but we have lost the sacred side of the taboo. We look for causes and cures rather than cultivate the capacity to listen to what the soul might be saying through our symptoms. The archetype of initiation is a timeless pattern by which the psyche uses suffering as an entry to the imaginal. The disappearance from the culture of rituals enacting this archetype coincides with the emergence of the scientific-materialistic world view. Any suffering authentically undergone, however, may serve as an initiation into mystery. It is through unrelenting acceptance of what is that we submit to the authority of the unknown. Archetypal psychology's dictum that, in the realm of the image, everything belongs, disallows the tendency to moralize suffering. As a way the Gods live into significance, pathology is neither right nor wrong. It is unrelenting submission to the difficult and uncomfortable possibility that whatever is is right that makes way for the sacred to return to suffering. Jung states that neurosis is inauthentic suffering. Symptoms thus provide essential signposts, the soul's signaling that something lies hidden here. We can point to the neurotic symptoms of the culture, but what is the authentic suffering that, as a culture, we are unwilling to face? In our perception of the world as soulless matter, we have silenced the speech of things. If we acknowledge the despair of our alienation from the world, we might find ourselves enfolded in the anguished cry of a dying planet, a suffering too big for any individual to carry. Our widespread and vigorous consumption of psychotropic medications testifies to our blind hunger for relief from suffering. What may be lost, both individually and culturally, in the ubiquitous elimination of symptoms, is the opportunity to access the sacred in the emptiness of brazen materialism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Mental Disorders; *Suffering

Classification:

Health & Mental Health Treatment & Prevention (3300)

Publication Type:

Dissertation Abstract; Print
Format(s) Available: Print

Release Date:

20020109

Accession Number:

2001-95018-157

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The emergence of the objectivity norm in American journalism.

Author(s):

Schudson, Michael, U California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US

Source:

Social norms. Hechter, Michael (Ed); Opp, Karl-Dieter (Ed); pp. 165-185.
New York, NY, US: Russell Sage Foundation, 2001. xx, 429 pp.

ISBN:

0-87154-354-0 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

sociohistorical account of emergence of objectivity as social norm & professional standard among news media & journalists, US, colonial times to present

Abstract:

(from the introduction) Provides a historical account of the emergence of the norm of objectivity among American journalists. Journalists play a key role in democratic societies, for more than people in other professions they can provide the information that makes it possible for the electorate to hold their elected representatives accountable. The author argues that this norm--which obliges reporters to separate facts from values and to report on the facts alone--is most highly developed in American journalism. The norm did not suddenly appear; rather, it emerged gradually, beginning in the late nineteenth century. The story of the development of this norm is far from straightforward, however; the history of the norm is shrouded in mystery. The author seeks to explain why the norm of objectivity is so much more salient in the US than in European democracies. He contrasts the relative merits of technological explanations of the emergence of the objectivity norm--which claim that new developments in communications technology made it easier for stories to be checked and hence increased reporters' accountability to editors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*History; *News Media; *Objectivity; *Professional Standards; *Social Norms; Journalists; Sociocultural Factors

Classification:

Social Structure & Organization (2910)
Mass Media Communications (2750)

Population:

Human (10)

Location:

US

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book; Print

Document Type:

Original Chapter

Release Date:

20010425

Accession Number:

2001-00827-006

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Cajal and consciousness: Scientific approaches to consciousness on the centennial of Ramón y Cajal's Textura.

Series Title:

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences; vol. 929

Author(s):

Marijuán, Pedro C., (Ed), U Zaragoza, Centro Politécnico Superior, Dept de Ingeniería Electrónica y Comunicaciones, Zaragoza, Spain, marijuan@posta.unizar.es

Source:

New York, NY, US: New York Academy of Sciences, 2001. 264 pp.

ISBN:

1-57331-304-1 (hardcover)
1-57331-305-X (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

interdisciplinary research; centennial of Ramon y Cajal's Textura; neuroscience; biological complexity & emergence of consciousness; transition from primary to higher level consciousness

Abstract:

(from the introduction) In this book, the question of consciousness is approached from the vantage points of many disciplines in these presentations for the conference, Cajal and Consciousness, which was held in Zaragoza, Spain, 1999, to commemorate the centennial of Ramón y Cajal's masterwork Textura del sistema nervioso del hombre y de los vertebrados. The contributions to this volume can be grouped into two thematic blocks: the first focuses on biological complexity and the emergence of consciousness, and the second concerns the transition from primary to higher-level consciousness. Together, they provide a relevant sample of how the varying sciences contemplate the phenomenon of consciousness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Biology; *Consciousness States; *Interdisciplinary Research; *Neurosciences; *Theory of Evolution

Classification:

Consciousness States (2380)

Population:

Human (10)
Animal (20)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Conference:

Cajal and Consciousness: International Centennial Conference Commemorating the Publication of Textura del sistema nervioso del hombre y de los vertebrados, Nov-Dec, 1999, Zaragoza, Spain

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book; Print

Book Type:

Conference Proceedings

Release Date:

20010627

Accession Number:

2001-06808-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Eros and chaos: The sacred mysteries and dark shadows of love.

Author(s):

Goodchild, Veronica Anne, Pacifica Graduate Inst., US

Source:

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, Vol 61(2-B), Aug 2000. pp. 1081.

Publisher:

US: ProQuest Information & Learning

ISSN:

0419-4217 (Print)

Order Number:

AAI9962483

Language:

English

Keywords:

chaos & eros & epiphanies of love & its shadows & archetypal field of soul & its mythologies

Abstract:

In the West, chaos is typically linked with order, from the Genesis story, through our psychological fictions, to contemporary theories of chaos in the physical sciences. The intention of this dissertation is to show that chaos is to be viewed rather as the guardian and the intimate companion of eros and not the matrix out of which order is created. When chaos and eros are twinned in this fashion, they challenge our reigning paradigms of control and domination over the world. This hermeneutic study attempts to illustrate how from the point of view of the archetypal field of soul and its mythologies, chaos linked with eros invites us into the epiphanies of love and its shadows, invites us into reverie on the mysteries of, and obstacles to, our loving and being loved. Such a coupling resituates us within the larger fabric of creation. Love is first and foremost a cosmic mystery that fuels the integrity of the universe. All of us in one way or another struggle with love, or suffer its absence. This "difficult work," as Rilke (1954) calls love (p. 54), is often the orienting star of analytic work, and arguably the one experience we would rather not leave this life without having known. This study addresses suffering as a shadow of love through the image of the Orphan, and chaos as that Other that links with the marginalised feminine and especially women's experience in Western traditions. In my reflections and examples, I try to show that our attempts to become more conscious continue to remain inadequate unless resituated within a devotion to the complexities and refinements of love and its shadows. This task is perhaps one of the most demanding and difficult of all human efforts. A key point in this thesis is to show that in our contemporary world, chaos is a vocation, calling us into the unus mundus, into a world of synchronicities where the desire of spirit for matter is witnessed. Here new syntheses emerge that resituate human life as merely one expression of a divinely created cosmo-psychic realm that glistens and ripples with life both subtle and manifest. This work is linked intentionally and soulfully to theoria in its original sense as a contemplation, and to the hermetic tradition as that school in the early centuries of the first millennium AD that valued immediate experience as a source of revelatory gnosis, as much as book learning. Depth psychology is perhaps the contemporary emergence of these ancient streams. Thus in my dissertation what is important is the style of writing as much as the content. Hence the format is a blend of experiences and reflections including dream, vision, and clinical material. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Chaos Theory; *Love; *Myths

Classification:

Health & Mental Health Treatment & Prevention (3300)

Methodology:

Empirical Study

Publication Type:

Dissertation Abstract; Print
Format(s) Available: Print

Release Date:

20010328

Accession Number:

2000-95016-086

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Reentry and the dynamic core: Neural correlates of conscious experience.

Author(s):

Edelman, Gerald M., The Neurosciences Inst, San Diego, CA, US
Tononi, Giulio

Source:

Neural correlates of consciousness: Empirical and conceptual questions. Metzinger, Thomas (Ed); pp. 139-151.
Cambridge, MA, US: The MIT Press, 2000. 350 pp.

ISBN:

0-262-13370-9 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

neural correlates of conscious experience

Abstract:

(from the chapter) While all scientific theories assume consciousness, and while conscious sensation and perception are necessary for their application, the means to carry out objective scientific investigations of consciousness itself have only recently become available. Recent studies in neurobiology and cognitive psychology have made it possible to address a series of questions the answers to which should help resolve some of the mysteries associated with consciousness. In this article, the authors focus on two of these questions: (1) What are the neural mechanisms that can account for the emergence of consciousness? (2) How can such neural processes account for key properties of conscious experience--that each conscious state is an indivisible whole and, at the same time, that each person can choose among an immense number of different conscious states? Topics further discussed in this chapter include the specialness of consciousness, unity and informativeness of conscious experience, mechanisms and models, the dynamic core hypothesis, and neural correlates pointing to the core hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Consciousness States; *Neural Pathways; *Neuropsychology; *Physiological Correlates

Classification:

Consciousness States (2380)
Neuropsychology & Neurology (2520)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book

Document Type:

Original Chapter

Release Date:

20001206

Accession Number:

2000-16280-008

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Dreaming the council ways: True native teachings from the red lodge.

Author(s):

Forest, Ohky Simine

Source:

York Beach, ME, US: Samuel Weiser, 2000. xxii, 329 pp.

ISBN:

1-57863-132-7 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

integration of native teachings & traditions & symbols & dreaming practices & ancient prophecies in search for spiritual healing, Indians, Canada

Abstract:

(from the cover) In this book, the author integrates diverse matriarchal native teaching--from Mohawk, Iroquois, and other Canadian Indian traditions, as well as Mongolian and Maya shamanic ways--to create a modern, healing synthesis of the spiritual practices common to these disparate cultures. The author invites readers to grasp the true universality of these symbols and traditions and to explore anew the ancient knowledge. -
The author initiates the reader into the underworld of power animal teachings, dreaming practices, native healing ways, and the Shaman's tree of life, so he/she can learn the difference between real Shamanism and the practices so often taught today. This book discusses ancient prophecies, some exposed here for the first time, and ways to restore the soul and spirit so that people can learn how to live and dream together as a family of humans. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*American Indians; *Conservatism; *Cultural Sensitivity; *Dreaming; *Spirituality; Symbolism; Tribes

Classification:

Culture & Ethnology (2930)

Population:

Human (10)

Location:

Canada

Intended Audience:

General Public (GP)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Release Date:

20000628

Accession Number:

2000-03994-000

Number of Citations in Source:

24

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The Pythagorean coincidence? revisited: Constraints of breathing, oxygenation, verbalization rate and hippocampal theta activity in the emergence of a heptaric metric.

Author(s):

Conesa, Jorge Sevilla, U Toledo, US

Source:

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, Vol 58(1-B), Jul 1997. pp. 0453.

Publisher:

US: ProQuest Information & Learning

ISSN:

0419-4217 (Print)

Order Number:

AAM9721384

Language:

English

Keywords:

short term memory & constraints of breathing & oxygenation & verbalization rate & hippocampal theta activity in emergence of heptaric metric, humans

Abstract:

During forty years of cognitive psychological theory and research, a robust maxim of short-term memory (STM) has remained a staple: that of a "pernicious" capacity for assimilating and retaining about seven chunks of information. Until very recently, this capacity for STM in humans remained a mystery. However, in the last four years. at least two teams have reported a connection between this capacity and oscillatory hippocampal mechanisms (Nakamura, Mikami and Kubota, 1992; Lisman and Idiart, 1995). Unfortunately, even these basic research findings have not explored the myriad of factors associated with this capacity. This so-called STM capacity may be better termed an "incapacity" since its operations may be constrained by normal physiological parameters such as breathing within an optimal window of about two seconds. This optimal window for breathing, during expiration when rehearsing information, will restrict verbal manipulation of the number of items, or chunks of information about to be remembered. Even George Miller (1951) was aware of the importance of the limitations of breathing during verbalization. The present monograph embarks on a theoretical exploration and ultimately tests, empirically, the idea that the human capacity for STM to about seven chunks of information can be explained by functional ratios which include verbalization rates during an optimal window for exhalation of about two seconds. This ratio has been termed The Heptaric Metric in keeping with Miller's tradition of STM capacity being Limited to about seven chunks of information. Mathematically this ratio divides the number of average chunks of information by the amount of time. expiration, taken to verbalize these chunks. A large part of this study is devoted to providing evidence for the thesis that the Heptaric Metric can be used as an approximation, a derived rate, of hippocampal function while this structure is involved in memory processes. Finally, the empirical part of the present study attempts to interfere with the normal processing of assumed hippocampal processes by presenting to subjects an analog Heptaric signature, noise and voice, during rehearsal of information while performing an immediate recall, digit-span task. This empirical manipulation is in the tradition of unattended channel studies which have explored the impact of environmental interferents during immediate recall tasks. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that speech-like interferents which closely match verbalization rates during rehearsal of strings of digits may reduce the probability of recall. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Hippocampus; *Oral Communication; *Oxygen; *Respiration; *Short Term Memory

Classification:

Physiological Psychology & Neuroscience (2500)
Cognitive Processes (2340)

Population:

Human (10)

Age Group:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300)

Methodology:

Empirical Study

Publication Type:

Dissertation Abstract

Release Date:

19970101

Accession Number:

1997-95014-258

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

How to read the work of child authors: A tribute to Labov and Waletzky.

Author(s):

Engel, Susan, Bennington Coll, Dept of Psychology, Great Barrington, MA, US

Source:

Journal of Narrative & Life History, Vol 7(1-4), 1997. Special issue: Oral Versions of Personal Experience: Three Decades of Narrative Analysis. pp. 229-234.

Publisher:

Netherlands: John Benjamins

ISSN:

1053-6981 (Print)
1569-9935 (Electronic)

Language:

English

Keywords:

emergence of narrative processes in early childhood, 2-6 yr olds vs school age children

Abstract:

Discusses the emergence of narrative processes during the first 3 yrs of a child's life, using the article by W. Labov and J. Waletzky (see record 1997-39195-001) on narrative analysis as a starting point. In addition, Engel discusses the developmental mystery that lies in the transition between the informal and often fragmented narratives that occur between 2-6 yr olds and the adults and friends they talk with, and the more formal, often written, narratives of school-age children. A story written by a 9-yr-old girl is presented and analyzed to illustrate Engel's thesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Cognitive Development; *Early Childhood Development; *Narratives

Classification:

Cognitive & Perceptual Development (2820)

Population:

Human (10)

Age Group:

Childhood (birth-12 yrs) (100)
Preschool Age (2-5 yrs) (160)
School Age (6-12 yrs) (180)

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal

Release Date:

19980501

Accession Number:

1997-39195-018

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Sense and nonsense: Philosophical, clinical and ethical perspectives.

Author(s):

Rozenberg, Jacques J., (Ed), Bar-Ilan U, Ramat Gan, Israel

Source:

Jerusalem, Israel: Magnes Press, 1996. 287 pp.

ISBN:

965-223-953-4 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

philosophical & psychoanalytic & clinical & ethical perspectives on sense & nonsense in psychopathology

Abstract:

(from the cover) This work constitutes the Proceeding of the Bar-Ilan International Symposium, on the topic "Sense and nonsense in philosophy and psychopathology." Through this symposium, the participants were able to outline a philosophy of psychopathology related to biology and ethics. It is now clear, especially from clinical experience, that the notions of sense and nonsense cannot be grasped directly, but must be constructed through a reflective process connected with concepts. Furthermore, since psychopathology is for the most part concerned with the disturbance of intersubjective experience, it is directly related to ethics. For this reason, as clearly illustrated by this symposium, psychopathology could provide an excellent basis for philosophical interrogation. It is hoped that this English version of the lectures will serve as a good advertisement for this idea.
(from the preface) Two kinds of questions for psychopathology, with which every paper presented at this symposium was concerned, were discussed with reference to 4 main spheres: (1) the philosophy and experience of language; (2) epistemology and the neurocognitive sciences; (3) psychoanalysis and clinical experience; and (4) moral sense and transcendence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Ethics; *Philosophies; *Psychoanalytic Theory; *Psychopathology

Classification:

Psychological Disorders (3210)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Conference:

Bar-Ilan International Symposium on the topic "Sense and nonsense in philosophy and psychopathology.", Jun, 1993, Bar-Ilan University, Israel

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book

Book Type:

Conference Proceedings

Release Date:

19990101

Accession Number:

1998-06724-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Toward a science of consciousness: The first Tucson discussions and debates.

Series Title:

Complex adaptive systems

Author(s):

Hameroff, Stuart R., (Ed), U Arizona, Dept of Anesthesiology, Tucson, AZ, US
Kaszniak, Alfred W., (Ed)
Scott, Alwyn C., (Ed)

Source:

Cambridge, MA, US: The MIT Press, 1996. xiv, 790 pp.

ISBN:

0-262-08249-7 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

philosophy of mind & cognitive & neural science & other approaches to consciousness, conference presentation

Abstract:

(from the jacket) Scientists and philosophers are focusing more intensely than ever on the nature of our human experience, resulting in a newly coalescing field of Consciousness Studies that has become a worldwide and highly interdisciplinary phenomenon.
"Toward a Science of Consciousness" [is] devoted entirely to unlocking the mysteries of consciousnesss. It explores the whole spectrum of approaches, from philosophy of mind and dream research to neuropsychology, pharmacology, and molecular dynamics, neural networks, phenomenological accounts, and even the physics of reality. The aim is to lay a sound scientific foundation for future research while also reaching consensus on many scattered areas of inquiry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Consciousness States; *Sciences; Brain Disorders; Cognitive Psychology; Mind; Neural Networks; Neurobiology; Neuropsychology; Phenomenology; Philosophies; Physics

Classification:

Consciousness States (2380)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Conference:

"Toward a Scientific Basis for Consciousness", 1st, Apr, 1994, U Arizona, Tucson, AZ, US

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book

Book Type:

Conference Proceedings

Release Date:

19961001

Accession Number:

1996-97651-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The nature of insight.

Author(s):

Shanker, Stuart G., York U, Atkinson Coll, Dept of Philosophy, North York, ON, Canada

Source:

Minds and Machines, Vol 5(4), Nov 1995. pp. 561-581.

Publisher:

Germany: Springer

ISSN:

0924-6495 (Print)
1572-8641 (Electronic)

Language:

English

Keywords:

insight & cognitive unconscious & mechanist theories & artificial intelligence & Newell & Simon's theory of general problem solving

Abstract:

The founders of artificial intelligence (AI) felt that the moment of insight is a mystery that begs to be explained in causal terms. Indeed, the problem of insight served as one of the leading problems in the evolution of AI. The present article explores the Greek definition of insight, the emergence of and the changes in the concept of the cognitive unconscious, and the process of unconscious selection as they relate to A. Newell and H. A. Simon's (e.g., 1961) theory of general problem solving (GPS). The theory of GPS was designed to explain the nature of the unconscious processes that are supposed to occur during incubation, the imagery used in creative thinking, and the phenomenon of illumination (i.e., insight). Shanker hopes to clarify what Wittgenstein (1980) had in mind in his strictures against mechanist attempts to analyze the nature of insight. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Artificial Intelligence; *Cognitive Processes; *Insight; *Theories; *Unconscious (Personality Factor); Problem Solving

Classification:

Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems (4120)

Population:

Human (10)

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal

Release Date:

19960101

Accession Number:

1996-02863-006

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The mystery of the coniunctio: Alchemical image of individuation.

Series Title:

Studies in Jungian psychology by Jungian analysts; 65

Author(s):

Edinger, Edward Ferdinand
Blackmer, Joan Dexter, (Ed)

Source:

Toronto, ON, Canada: Inner City Books, 1994. 110 pp.

ISBN:

0-919123-67-8 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

Jungian theory & alchemical imagery in personality individuation & broadening of consciousness, conference presentation, essays

Abstract:

(from the cover) C. G. Jung's last major works revealed that the arcane practices of alchemy were a profound reflection of transformations that take place in the personality on the journey toward wholeness, and that the same imagery turns up in modern dreams.
The coniunctio is the end result of the alchemical procedure when the opposites are successfully united. The psychological parallel to this, the broadening of consciousness that goes hand in hand with the process of individuation, is the subject of Jung's . . . "Mysterium Coniunctionis."
[Edinger interprets both Jung's "Mysterium Coniunctionis" and] the Rosarium pictures--the 10 alchemical drawings on which Jung based one of his most important works, "The Psychology of Transference." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Conscious (Personality Factor); *Jungian Psychology; *Separation Individuation; Imagery

Classification:

Psychoanalytic Theory (3143)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Conference Notes:

The chapters in this volume were presented in lectures at the C. G. Jung Inst of San Fransisco, Oct 19-20, 1984.

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Book Type:

Conference Proceedings

Release Date:

19950401

Accession Number:

1994-98475-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Genie: An abused child's flight from silence.

Author(s):

Rymer, Russ, Journalist, FL, US

Source:

New York, NY, US: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993. xii, 221 pp.

ISBN:

0-06-016910-9 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Keywords:

examines a case of severe child abuse that involved a 13-year-old girl with no language & little cognitive ability; explores the controversy over her treatment & study

Abstract:

(from the jacket) When a young girl and her nearly blind mother wandered into a welfare office in Los Angeles in November 1970, it marked the end of thirteen years of terrible abuse. "Protected" by her deranged father, the girl, Genie, had spent her entire childhood strapped to a chair in the back bedroom of a virtually silent suburban house. She was small and withered, with a shuffling walk; she showed no perception of heat and cold, and she could barely speak.
Her emergence into the world created great excitement among scientists of all descriptions, but especially linguists. Here was an opportunity to study a child who had grown up without language or any form of social training. She was an unusual and special gift, for she might provide answers to their unresolved questions about how the human brain acquires language. Her experience gave eloquent answer to those questions, and to a deeper mystery: what it means to be human.
Skillfully weaving the tale of Genie's hesitant progress toward adulthood with the bitter ethical debates over her treatment, Russ Rymer presents a deeply moving case study and explores complex linguistic theories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Child Abuse; *Language Delay; *Psychosocial Readjustment; Case Report

Classification:

Behavior Disorders & Antisocial Behavior (3230)

Population:

Human (10)

Age Group:

Adolescence (13-17 yrs) (200)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Notes:

A portion of this work appeared in somewhat different form in "The New Yorker" magazine.

Methodology:

Clinical Case Study; Empirical Study

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Release Date:

19930901

Accession Number:

1993-97426-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Oedipus, philosopher.

Series Title:

Meridian: Crossing aesthetics

Author(s):

Goux, Jean-Joseph, Rice U, Lawrence Favrot Professor of French Studies, Houston, TX, US
Porter, Catherine, (Trans)

Source:

Stanford University Press, 1993. 227 pp.

ISBN:

0-8047-2169-6 (hardcover)
0-8047-2171-8 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

discusses the Oedipus complex in relation to the Oedipus myth & implications for psychoanalysis

Abstract:

(from the jacket) If the logic of the Oedipus myth were subjected to rigorous and thoroughgoing analysis with the tools of anthropology, comparative mythology, and narratology, might it invalidate the approach to the "Oedipus complex" that Freud derived from his psychoanalytic experience? This book answers "yes," arguing that instead of the Oedipus complex explaining the myth, the Oedipus myth explains the complex.
The author argues that the Oedipus myth is a historical anomaly, a myth of failed royal investiture or of avoided masculine initiation. He argues that Oedipus's major flaw is the will to conquer the maternal monster solely by "autodidactic" intelligence in his conflict with the Sphinx. This flaw is, precisely, the flaw of philosophy. Oedipus embodies the emergence of a new homo philosophicus in fifth-century Greece: one who refuses the sacred mysteries, rejects the authority of tradition, and institutes the perspective of man and reason over all.
[The author] concludes by speculating on how his analysis might contribute to a vision that has eluded Freudian psychoanalysis: how to surpass the Oedipus complex, with all the ethical consequences this would entail. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Oedipal Complex; *Philosophies; *Psychoanalytic Theory; Myths

Classification:

Psychoanalytic Theory (3143)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Notes:

Originally published in French as "Oedipe Philosophe."

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Release Date:

19940501

Accession Number:

1993-98808-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

A guide to obtaining a psychology internship (2nd rev. and exp. ed.).

Author(s):

Megargee, Edwin I., Florida State U, Director of Clinical Training, Tallahassee, FL, US

Source:

Philadelphia, PA, US: Accelerated Development, 1992. vi, 234 pp.

ISBN:

1-55959-043-2 (paperback)

Language:

English

Keywords:

presents guidelines for applying for a professional psychology internship

Abstract:

(from the cover) Each year 2,000 psychology graduate students compete for predoctoral internships in professional psychology. . . . Completely rewritten and revised to incorporate the latest data and the most recent rules in [the] intern selection process, this Second Edition of Megargee's popular "A Guide to Obtaining a Psychology Internship": takes the mystery out of the selection process by disclosing the hidden agendas of training directors and university personnel; explains the latest rules and their effect; helps you determine your professional and personal priorities to identify the internships that will best meet your needs; provides a four step guide to preparing your professional resume and shows how to prepare effective applications and personal statements; describes how to conduct yourself while visiting internships and teaches you to interview effectively, providing lists of questions to ask; [and] explains how to negotiate with internships honestly and effectively during the "end game." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Clinical Psychology Internship

Classification:

Professional Education & Training (3410)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Book Type:

Handbook/Manual

Release Date:

19930401

Accession Number:

1992-98427-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The moral domain: Essays in the ongoing discussion between philosophy and the social sciences.

Series Title:

Studies in contemporary German social thought

Author(s):

Wren, Thomas E., (Ed), Loyola U, Professor of Philosophy, Chicago, IL, US

Source:

Cambridge, MA, US: The MIT Press, 1990. xxix, 414 pp.

ISBN:

0-262-23147-6 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Abstract:

(from the introduction to the German edition) This book aims at clarifying the connection between philosophical theory and empirical psychological research in morality. It is authored by philosophers working in the nonrelativist tradition of moral and social psychology and social scientists working within the hermeneutic and reconstructivist paradigm of cognitive developmental theory. . . . The controversies that are taken up in the following papers focus on problems that have remained controversial among philosophers and empirical psychologists. . . . But these problems are not the main concern of the present volume. Rather it focuses on major and substantive differences that arise between psychologists and philosophers (or even members of each group) whose work is based on similar metatheoretical presuppositions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Experimental Psychology; *Morality; *Philosophies; Cognitive Development; Moral Development; Psychogenesis; Theories

Classification:

Social Perception & Cognition (3040)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Conference Notes:

This volume is based on a conference convened by the Max Planck Institute in 1984 in Germany.

Notes:

This volume is a revised translation of "Zur Bestimmung der Moral."

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book

Book Type:

Conference Proceedings

Release Date:

19900101

Accession Number:

1990-97366-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Healers on healing.

Author(s):

Carlson, Richard, (Ed), Private Practice, Oakland, CA, US
Shield, Benjamin, (Ed)

Source:

Los Angeles, CA, England: Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc, 1989. xvi, 205 pp.

ISBN:

0-87477-494-2 (paperback)

Language:

English

Abstract:

(from the cover) In thirty-seven original essays written for this book, some of the world's leaders in healing explore their personal and professional experiences in order to uncover the underlying principles on which all healing rests. Rather than focusing on diverse techniques, the writers seek the "golden thread" that ties together the wide range of approaches to healing.
In simple, direct language, the contributors explore the complex nature of healing from many viewpoints. We hear from physicians, psychologists, nurses, metaphysical healers, and shamans.
Their topics include: what healing really is and how it takes place; the power of the healer within; what to look for in a healer; the function of spirituality in healing; the dramatic effects of the healing relationship; the role of attitudes and emotions; love as a healing force; [and] healing and death.
the result is a grand synthesis of heartfelt thinking that offers a treasury of profound insights for people in the healing professions, people who seek to develop their own healing capacities, people who wish to benefit from healers, and anyone interested in the magical properties of human relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Faith Healing; *Holistic Health; Attitudes; Death and Dying; Emotions; Love; Therapeutic Processes

Classification:

Specialized Interventions (3350)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book

Release Date:

19890101

Accession Number:

1989-97283-000

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<A href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1989-97283-000&site=ehost-live">Healers on healing.</A>

Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

The mystery of RSI.

Author(s):

Kiesler, Sara, Carnegie Mellon U, Pittsburgh, PA, US
Finholt, Tom

Source:

American Psychologist, Vol 43(12), Dec 1988. pp. 1004-1015.

Publisher:

US: American Psychological Assn

ISSN:

0003-066X (Print)

Digital Object Identifier:

10.1037/0003-066X.43.12.1004

Language:

English

Keywords:

computer technology, incidence of repetitive strain injury of hands or arms, female office workers, Australia

Abstract:

A computer-related health epidemic known as repetitive strain injury (RSI) is rampant in Australia and threatens to overwhelm the workers' compensation system. RSI is a label given to a variety of painful, debilitating conditions believed to be caused by repetitive movements of the hands or arms. In Australia, the latest wave of RSI complaints is centered among female office workers who develop symptoms as a result of extensive typing at computer keyboards. In an analysis of this epidemic, we examine the nature of RSI and its known correlates with individual health and personality, ergonomics of computing, and work context. Based on available evidence, we speculate as to the reasons for the emergence of RSI in Australia. We argue that RSI is an extreme illustration of how the social context of work and technological change defines and influences the nature of health problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Arm (Anatomy); *Computers; *Disorders; *Hand (Anatomy); *Occupational Exposure

Classification:

Physical & Somatoform & Psychogenic Disorders (3290)

Population:

Human (10)

Location:

Australia

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal

Release Date:

19890501

Accession Number:

1989-16128-001

Number of Citations in Source:

91

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Database:

PsycINFO

Full Text Database:

PsycARTICLES

Title:

The world of the newborn.

Author(s):

Maurer, Daphne, McMaster U, Professor of Psychology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Maurer, Charles

Source:

New York, NY, US: Basic Books, 1988. vii, 293 pp.

ISBN:

0-465-09230-6 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Abstract:

(from the book) We have found it fruitful to examine scientific studies not just from the perspective of the scientist looking down at the baby, but from the perspective of the baby looking up at the scientist: To try to determine what it was like to live in the womb, then to be delivered from it into the world. To learn how that world looks and sounds, tastes and smells. To learn what it feels like, during the first year or two, to be alive.
This is what we shall do in this book, by examining from several new directions the scientific literature on infancy. Our plan is first to see what the baby sensed while he was still a fetus in the womb, then while he was being born. After birth, since the baby sleeps most of the day, we shall look at his sleep to see whether he is as dead to the world as an adult would be or whether he learns in the midst of it. We shall find that he is actually conscious all the while he is asleep. Next, we shall explore what the newborn sees, hears, smells, tastes, and feels. With this information we can deduce what he perceives about the things he senses--that is, what he is actually conscious of. . . . Finally, we shall read the baby's mind as he grows up and leaves this looking-glass world, as he develops into a toddler with the beginnings of adult thought and emotion.
(from the publicity materials) "The World of the Newborn" explains many mysteries. Why an infant sleeps so much, and why more during the day than during the night, is understandable when sleep is found to serve as "off" switch when the baby is overwhelmed by sensations too intense or too numerous. . . . Surprisingly, an infant has not learned to associate sucking with food, nor does he feel hunger or fullness. There is also truth to the claim that very young children learn foreign languages easily; they can still hear distinctions that we learn to tune out. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Birth; *Neonatal Development; *Uterus; Sensory Adaptation

Classification:

Developmental Psychology (2800)

Population:

Human (10)

Age Group:

Childhood (birth-12 yrs) (100)
Neonatal (birth-1 mo) (120)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Release Date:

19880101

Accession Number:

1988-97186-000

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Mind-forg'd manacles: A history of madness in England from the Restoration to the Regency.

Author(s):

Porter, Roy, Wellcome Inst, Teacher, London, England

Source:

Cambridge, MA, US: Harvard University Press, 1987. xii, 412 pp.

ISBN:

0-674-57617-9 (hardcover)

Language:

English

Abstract:

(from the introduction) My basic aims in this book are those of exposition and synthesis. There is much to be said about mad people, and how they were regarded and treated in England before the nineteenth century. Who were they? Were they hailed, hated, or harassed? How and why did the handling of mentally abnormal people change? There have been, however, surprisingly few attempts to address these questions in a broad way, integrating the mass of available information within a framework of analysis and interpretation. Combining exact scholarship with chronological sweep, Basil Clarke's "Mental Disorder in Earlier Britain" does just that for the medieval period. The Tudor and Stuart epochs remain curiously ill-researched as a whole, despite the brilliant close-up illumination offered by Michael MacDonald's study of Richard Napier. Here I attempt to survey developments spanning the period roughly from the Civil War to the dawn of the nineteenth century. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*History; *Mental Disorders

Classification:

Psychological Disorders (3210)

Population:

Human (10)

Location:

England

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Authored Book

Release Date:

19880101

Accession Number:

1988-97025-000

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<A href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1988-97025-000&site=ehost-live">Mind-forg'd manacles: A history of madness in England from the Restoration to the Regency.</A>

Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Psychoanalytic approaches to biblical religion.

Author(s):

Miller, John W., U Waterloo, Conrad Grebel Coll, Canada

Source:

Journal of Religion & Health, Vol 22(1), Spr 1983. pp. 19-29.

Publisher:

US: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers

ISSN:

0022-4197 (Print)

Language:

English

Keywords:

review of biblical religion from psychoanalytic viewpoint using works of Freud & T. Reik & D. Bakan & D. Zelig

Abstract:

Reviews 4 studies of biblical religion from a psychoanalytic point of view: S. Freud's (1939) Moses and Monotheism; T. Reik's (1959) Mystery on the Mountain, the Drama of the Sinai Revelation; D. Bakan's (1979) And They Took Themseleves Wives, the Emergence of Patriarchy in Western Civilization; and D. Zelig's (1974) Psychoanalysis and the Bible, a Study in Depth of Seven Leaders. These books demonstrate how biblical religion both reflects and mediates the realization that for the well-being of humanity it is important that sons (in spite of all emotional obstacles) identify with their fathers and fathers find ways of loving and caring for their sons (the eldest son in particular). This belief is supported by research showing a significant correlation between a son's positive relation to his father and emotional health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Bible; *Psychoanalytic Theory; *Religion; Religious Beliefs

Classification:

Religion (2920)

Population:

Human (10)

Publication Type:

Journal, Peer-Reviewed Status-Unknown

Release Date:

19840601

Accession Number:

1984-14835-001

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Database:

PsycINFO

Title:

Motivation in Personality: Reply to Peter A. Bertocci.

Author(s):

Allport, Gordon W.

Source:

Understanding human motivation. Stacey, Chalmers L. (Ed); DeMartino, Manfred (Ed); pp. 105-120.
Cleveland, OH, US: Howard Allen Publishers, 1958. xv, 507 pp.

Language:

English

Keywords:

functional autonomy; motives; habits; personality traits; human maturation; human nature; personality theory

Abstract:

(from the chapter) Allport replies to Bertocci's comments (see record 2006-10220-009) regarding Allport's original theory of the functional autonomy of motives (see record 2006-10220-008). Allport addresses Bertocci's concerns on seven fronts: (1) the argument for hormic purposivism, (2) the sufficiency of instinct, (3) the necessity in science for employing universal dimensions, (4) the "mystery" of ontogenetic emergence, (5) the nature of functional autonomy, (6) adequate accounting for continuity in personality, and (7) the place of sentiments in the structure of personality. This chapter was abridged from the Psychological Review, 1940, 47, 533-554 (see record 1941-00918-001) and reprinted by permission of the author and the American Psychological Association Inc. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

Subjects:

*Habits; *Human Development; *Motivation; *Personality Traits; *Theories; Human Nature; Personality Theory

Classification:

Personality Traits & Processes (3120)

Population:

Human (10)

Intended Audience:

Psychology: Professional & Research (PS)

Publication Type:

Book, Edited Book; Print

Document Type:

Comment/Reply; Original Chapter

Book Type:

Classic Book; Textbook/Study Guide

Release Date:

20060828

Accession Number:

2006-10220-010

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Database:

PsycINFO